刻舟求剑

发布于: 2017/11/28  7:10 pm 更新于: 2018/12/01, 1:28 am

刻舟求剑 :
刻舟求剑,是一个寓言故事演化而成的成语。出自《吕氏春秋·察今篇》:“楚人有涉江者,其剑自舟中坠于水,逮契其舟曰:‘是吾剑之所从坠。’舟止.从其所契者入水求之。”比喻人的眼光未与客观世界的发展变化同步,不懂得根据实际情况处理问题。也比喻办事刻板,拘泥而不知变通。

故事启示:刻个记号便于打捞宝剑,原本并无错,可是把记号刻在了移动的船上,那岂不等于没有记号吗?这个故事对那些思想僵化丶墨守成规丶看不到事物发展变化的人是一个绝妙的讽刺。故事告诉我们办事不能只凭主观愿望,不能想当然,要根据客观情况的变化而灵活处理。(摘自《中国古代寓言故事》)。

寓言原文:
刻舟求剑 漫画(2张)刻舟求剑[1] (战 国)楚人有涉①江者②,其剑自舟中坠于水 ,遽③契④(jù qì)其舟,曰:“是吾(wú)剑之所从坠⑤。”舟止,从其所契者入水求之。舟已行矣(yǐ)⑥,而剑不行,求剑若⑦此⑧,不亦惑乎?——(出自《吕氏春秋.察今》)原文翻译楚国有个渡江的人,他的剑从船里掉到水中,他立即在船边上刻舟求剑 漫画刻了个记号,说:“这儿是我的剑掉下去的地方。”船停了,(这个楚国人)从他刻记号的地方下水寻找剑。 船已经前进了,但是剑不会随船前进,像这样找剑,不是很糊涂吗?词语注释1丶涉:过,渡。2丶者:……的人,定语后置的标志。3丶遽(jù):立即,匆忙。4丶契(qì):雕刻。5丶是:指示代词,这儿。6丶吾剑:我的剑。7丶之所从坠:(剑)掉下去的地方。之,助词,不译,用于取消句子独立性。“所”使谓词成分“从坠”体词化,提取“从坠”的处所.8丶矣:了。9丶若:像。10丶此:这样。11丶不亦惑乎:不是很糊涂吗?惑,迷惑,糊涂。“不亦......乎”是一种委婉的反问句式。12丶行:<动词>运行。《刻舟求剑》:“舟已行矣,而剑不行。”13丶之:指“剑”。14丶坠:落。15丶求:寻找。16丶于:到。(其剑自舟中坠于水)17.舟止,止:停止。[1]

作者简介:
《吕氏春秋》是秦国丞相吕不韦主编的一部古代类百科全书似的传世巨著,有八览丶六论丶十二纪,共二十多万言。《吕氏春秋》是战国末年(公元前“239”年前后)秦国丞相吕不韦组织属下门客们集体编撰的杂家(儒丶法丶道等等)著作,又名《吕览》。此书共分为十二纪丶八览丶六论,共十二卷,一百六十篇,二十余万字。吕不韦自己认为其中包括了天地万物古往今来的事理,所以号称《吕氏春秋》。吕不韦(292—前235年),姜姓,吕氏,名不韦。战国末年著名商人丶政治家丶思想家,后任秦国丞相,卫国濮阳(今河南省濮阳县城西南)人。前251年,秦昭襄王嬴稷薨,太子安国君继位,为秦孝文王,立一年而卒,储君嬴子楚继位,即秦庄襄王,前249年以不韦为相国,封文信侯,食邑河南洛阳十万户,门下有食客3000人,家僮万人。庄襄王卒,年幼的太子政立为王,吕不韦为相邦,号称“仲父”,专断朝政。命食客编著《吕氏春秋》,又名《吕览》。有八览丶六论丶十二纪共20余万言,汇合了先秦各派学说,“兼儒墨,合名法”,故史称“杂家”。书成之日,悬于国门,声称能改动一字者赏千金。此为“一字千金”。执政时曾攻取周丶赵丶卫的土地,立三川丶太原丶东郡,对秦王政兼并六国的事业有重大贡献。后因嫪毐集团叛乱事受牵连,被免除相邦职务,出居河南封地。不久,秦王政复命让其举家迁蜀,吕不韦恐诛,乃饮鸩而死。(译自《史记·吕不韦列传》)。

成语用法:
一般比喻死守教条,拘泥成法,固执不变通的人。多含贬义。

典故出处:
在战国时期由吕不韦组织门客编撰《吕氏春秋·察今》(又名《吕览》全书的内容较杂,包括儒家丶道家等各家学说,共分八览丶六论丶十二纪。)(清曹雪芹《红楼梦》第一百二十回) 似你这样寻根究底,便是刻舟求剑,胶柱鼓瑟了!茅盾《致陈瑜清》:“有人提出新的解释,盖咬住一丶二字,~以驳难,似已成风气,真令人啼笑皆非也。”

成语故事:
战国时期有一个楚国人做事很死板,书上怎么写的他就怎么做,甚至遇到事情别人怎么做的,他也学着怎么做,从没想过变通一下。[2] 有一次,刻舟求剑他经过山林,看见一樵夫在砍柴。忽然,樵夫一不小心.斧头从手上飞脱,掉进山谷里去了。樵夫不慌不忙地在斧头落下的地方做了一个显眼的记号,然后从旁边的小路绕下山去,对照着山上L的标记,很快在草丛里找到了斧头。这位楚国人对樵夫仰慕不已。这位楚国人喜爱剑术,总是随身佩带一把宝剑。一天,他搭乘一条渡船过江。他立在船舷边,江两岸景色令人目不暇接。船行至江中,陶醉于美景的他不小心,让那把宝剑滑落到江里去了。[2] 只见他紧盯着剑掉下去的地方发呆。旁人劝他赶紧跳下江去打捞,这位楚国人却笑着摇摇头.他眼前浮现出樵夫刻记号的一幕。接着便镇定地说:“别慌张!我自有妙法。”只见他用一把小刀在船舷上剑掉下去的地方刻了一道深深的记号,并且自言自语道:“我的剑就是从这儿掉下去的!”船继续前行,待船家停船时,这位楚人站起身,面对惊讶的目光,从容不迫地脱了衣服,从船舷边所刻记号处跳人水中。他在水中捞来捞去,怎么也捞不到那把剑,于是浮出水面抚摸着船边的记号,如梦游般喃喃着:“我的剑明明是从这儿掉下去的,怎么找不到了呢?”[2] 这个可怜的楚国人就这样被人们谈论到今天。这是他的幸运呢,还是他的不幸?至少,知道了这个故事的我们是幸运的。出处:《吕氏春秋·察今篇》:“楚人有涉江者,其剑自舟中坠于水,逮契其舟曰:‘是吾剑之所从坠。’舟止.从其所契者入水求之。”[2]

成语寓意:刻舟求剑 刻舟求剑是一个寓言故事演化而成的成语,一般比喻死守教条,拘泥成法,固执不知变通的意思。以静止的眼光来看待变化发展的事物,必将导致错误的判断。文中的楚人正是犯了这样的错误。揭示道理 这个故事告诉我们:世界上的事物,总是在不断地发生变化,不能凭主观做事情。人不能死守教条。情况变了,解决问题的方法丶手段也要随之变化,否则就会失败。告诫人们不能片面丶静止丶狭隘地看待问题。

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发布于: 2017/11/28  7:12 pm

Carve on gunwale of a moving boat:
Kezhouqiujian, is a fable about the evolution of the idiom. From "LvShiChunQiu, review this article": "Chu Shejiang, his sword fell into the water from the boat, the boat caught Qi said:" this is where my sword fell off. " The boat stops. The figurative person's eye does not synchronize with the development and change of the objective world, and does not know how to deal with the problem according to the actual situation. It is also a metaphor that is rigid and unflexible.

The story is that a mark is easy to salvage the sword, but it is not wrong, but the mark is carved on the moving ship. Is that no sign of no sign? This story is a wonderful irony for those who are rigid and conservative, and can't see the development and change of things. The story tells us that we can not do things only by subjective desire, not for granted, and should be handled flexibly according to the change of the objective situation. (excerpt from the ancient Chinese fable).

The original Fable:
Kezhouqiujian comics (2) kezhouqiujian [1] (Warring States Chu) involving the River II, his sword fell into the water from the boat, suddenly the deed of 4 (J Q connected.) the boat, said: "I (w case) sword fell off." The boat stops from the person in which the boat enters the water. The boat has been go (Y from 6), and the sword and the sword if not, for it, or not? - (from "LvShiChunQiu" review this.) the Chu has a crossing, his sword fell into the water from a boat, he carved a mark kezhouqiujian comic, said immediately on the edge of the boat: "this is where my sword fell off." The ship stopped. (the Chu man) went into the water to find the sword from the place where he was marked. The ship has moved forward, but the sword will not go along with the ship. Is it not so confused to find a sword like this? Word notes 1. 2. The symbol of the postposition of the attributive. 3, suddenly (J: immediately connected) in a hurry. 4, Qi (Q.): sculpture. 5, it is: the demonstrative pronoun, here. 6, my sword: my sword. 7, from the fall: (sword) fall down. It is used to cancel the independence of the sentence. "The" ingredients "from which a predicate noun" fall ", the extraction from fall" premises, shall be:.8. 9, if: like. 10, this: so. 11, not also confused: is not very confused? Bewildered, confused, confused. "Not also..." is a euphemistic rhetorical sentence. 12, line: < verb > run. "Kezhouqiujian": "the boat is right, but not the sword." 13, it refers to the "sword". 14, fall: fall. 15, seek: search. 16. (its sword falls from the boat in water) 17. boats stop: stop. [1]

A brief introduction to the author:
"Lushih chunchiu" is an ancient encyclopedia edited by Qin Prime Minister Lu Buwei like masterpiece, eight, six, twelve on the table about two hundred thousand Yan Ji. "LvShiChunQiu", is the end of the Warring States period (BC 239 years before and after the Prime Minister Lu Buwei) Qin organized his retainers who collectively compiled (Confucianism, Tao, eclectic method etc.) works, also known as "Lu Lan". The book is divided into twelve, eight, six of the exhibition period, a total of twelve volumes, one hundred and sixty papers, two words. I think, including everything from ancient to modern times of the affair, so called "Lushih chunchiu". Lubuwei (292 - 235 BC), Jiang, Wei Lu, a. The late Warring States period, the famous businessman, politician, thinker, he served as Prime Minister of Qin, Wei Puyang (now Henan province in southwest Puyang county) people. 251 years ago, Qin Zhaoxiang Wang Yingji Hong, Prince An Guojun to the throne, as king Qin Xiaowen, made a year and died, crown prince Ying son Chu king, which became the king of Qin, 249 years ago to Wei for his letter Wenxinhou, Shi Yi Henan Luoyang one hundred thousand households, 3000 people under the door hanger, Zhuang people. Zhuang Xiang Wang died, Prince Zheng young king, two phase state, known as "Uncle" autarchy. The life eaters, "Lushih chunchiu", also known as "Lu Lan". There are eight, six, twelve century theory laid a total of more than 20 million words, the confluence of the pre Qin factions doctrine, "and the name, and law", it is known as "zajia". The day of the book is suspended in the country, claiming that the person who can change a word is rewarded with a thousand gold. This is the "A single word of gold". The ruling was taken weeks, the land of Zhao Zhuwei, Li, Taiyuan, Sanchuanhe ITA, has made a significant contribution to the cause of the annexation of the six countries of Qin dynasty. After the group Laoai rebellion thing implicated, are exempt from state phase positions, in Henan. Soon, the family moved to report Qinwang Zheng Shu, Lu Buwei fear to punish, but died of poison. (from "historical records of two biographies").

Idiom usage:
General metaphor to dogma, stick method, stubborn not adaptable people. It contains more derogatory meanings.

Allusion:
In the Warring States period by the two organizations in his compilation "LvShiChunQiu, review this" (also known as the "Lv" on the contents of the book are complex, including the theory of Confucianism, Taoism is divided into eight, six, twelve on the table.) (Cao Xueqin "a dream of Red Mansions" 120th) like you so it is the most influential one, kezhouqiujian! Mao Dun "to Chen Yuqing": "some people have proposed a new explanation, a bite, cover two words, in the reverse, seems to have become the trend, but also ironic."

Idiom story:
During the Warring States period, there was a Chu man who was very rigid in his work. How did he write in books? He even learned how others did things. He also learned how to do it. [2] once, kezhouqiujian after he saw a woodcutter in the forest, wood. Suddenly, the woodcutter was careless. The axe flew off his hand and fell into the valley. The woodcutter made an unhurried place where the axe had fallen.

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